This article presents normative state of the prohibition of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment taking into account American legal obligations. What is relevant in the article is a debate that took place ...

This article has been inspired by the vision presented in the report of the UN Secretary General Our Common Agenda (2021) and in the report of High-Level Advisory Board on Effective Multilateralism entitled A Breakthrough ...

During the last decades, mankind has experienced unprecedented expansion of globalization. In this respect, the process of policy transfer has emerged as a tool of exchanging ideas, policies and administrative arrangements ...

Cities are taking part in enforcing international standards/law by humanitarian assistance to Ukraine and relief for Ukrainian refugees, severing sister cities’ ties with Russian cities and breaking other forms of cooperation ...

Throughout human history, cities have been targeted in wars due to their significance for politics, economy, communication and population. Today such Ukrainian cities as Kyiv, Mariupol, Kharkiv and Irpin can be added to ...