Przekładalność zbyt oczywista?

Abstract

The article focuses on the question of the untranslatability of humour. Jokes challenge translators as humorous texts are very carefully constructed and aim to become comical stimuli that provoke laughter. Therefore, the author of the article attempts to describe the main characteristic of humour: first of all, incongruity and the theory of opposite scripts. While analysing the comical mechanism of a Polish joke, the author emphasises the importance of other sources of the comical effect: references to culture, history and general knowledge. It is assumed that the linguistic play, or wordplay, does not necessarily convey a comical effect, and the source of laughter is rooted deeper in the “image of the world” encoded in the language. The assumption is based on the survey which aims to search the group of references to the word bar encoded within the Polish and Spanish languages. It has been indicated that sometimes lexemes which seem to be perfectly translatable become culturemes, whose description and function within a language and culture differ considerably, and this may hinder the comical mechanism.W artykule poruszono problemy wynikające z przekładu tekstów humorystycznych, których treść ma na celu uzyskanie efektu komicznego. Analiza nieprzekładalności polskiego dowcipu na język hiszpański posłużyła jako opis mechanizmu wywołującego efekt komiczny oraz jako przyczynek do rozważań nad obrazem świata zawartym w języku.