Ars memoriae - ars oblivionis в поэзии "первой волны" русской эмиграции
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Gosudarstvennoe Izdatel'stvo Hudožestvennoj Literatury
Abstract
В статье исследуются основные модели памяти, характерные для поэзии «первой волны» русского зарубежья. В стихотворениях белоэмигрантов преобладает идея памяти долженствования, согласно которой запас хранимых в сознании воспоминаний о прошлом является фактором, обеспечивающим сохранение эмигрантами их «русскости». Этой идее противопоставлен, особенно в стихах эмигрантов младшего поколения, отказ помнить травмирующее прошлое, как личное, так и национальное.
The article examines the principal models of memory that are typical of the poetry of the ‘first wave’ Russian emigration. Poems by Russian émigrés are characterised primarily by the use of the biographical (individual) and collective (communicative and cultural) memory models. The dominant idea of memory as an obligation means that the hoard of memories about the past is a factor that enables emigrants to preserve their Russian identity. This ‘hypertrophied retrospectivism,’ to use Brodsky’s term, exercised its influence on all levels and planes of ‘first wave’ poetry, including its genre structure. This retrospective approach is rejected, especially in poems by younger generation poets, with its opponents refusing to remember traumatic experiences of the past, suffered either personally or on a national scale. The author, therefore, reveals and analyses two key variations of cultural memory which she believes to determine the internal structure and genre composition of the poetry by ‘first wave’ Russian émigrés
The article examines the principal models of memory that are typical of the poetry of the ‘first wave’ Russian emigration. Poems by Russian émigrés are characterised primarily by the use of the biographical (individual) and collective (communicative and cultural) memory models. The dominant idea of memory as an obligation means that the hoard of memories about the past is a factor that enables emigrants to preserve their Russian identity. This ‘hypertrophied retrospectivism,’ to use Brodsky’s term, exercised its influence on all levels and planes of ‘first wave’ poetry, including its genre structure. This retrospective approach is rejected, especially in poems by younger generation poets, with its opponents refusing to remember traumatic experiences of the past, suffered either personally or on a national scale. The author, therefore, reveals and analyses two key variations of cultural memory which she believes to determine the internal structure and genre composition of the poetry by ‘first wave’ Russian émigrés
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поэзия "первой волны" русской эмиграции, индивидуальная память, коммуникативная память, коллективная память, культурная память, память - долженствование, забвение, родина, чужбина, the poetry of ‘first wave’ Russian emigrants, individual memory, communicative memory, cultural memory, memory as an obligation, oblivion, motherland, a foreign country
Citation
"Вопросы литературы" 2021, № 1, pp. 79-99.